Category: Healthcare

World Day for Safety and Health at Work 2024: History, significance and theme

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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Every year, the World Day for Safety and Health at Work is celebrated on April 28 worldwide. The Safety Day aims to raise awareness and educate people about the importance of safe, healthy, and proper working environments.

The Safety Day was first celebrated by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) in 2003 and since then it has become a global celebration. The special occasion promotes the prevention of work-related accidents for both individuals and organisations.

In June 2022, the International Labour Conference (ILC) decided to include ‘a safe and healthy working environment’ in the ILO’s framework of fundamental principles and rights at work, according to ILO.

History

The World Day for Safety and Health at Work began in 2003. This was declared as an annual campaign to promote safety in the workplace. On this day, the International Commemoration Day of Dead and Injured Workers is also marked globally and celebrates the anniversary of the adoption of the Occupational Safety and Health Convention by the ILO in 1971.

Significance

The day promotes awareness about the importance of a healthy and safe workplace.

According to the UN, the World Day for Safety and Health at Work is a significant tool to raise awareness of how to make work safe and healthy and of the need to raise the political profile of occupational safety and health.

The International Labour Organization (ILO) observes this day to stress the prevention of accidents and diseases at work, capitalising on its traditional strengths of tri-partyism and social dialogue.

World Day for Safety and Health at Work 2024: Theme

The ILO announces a different theme or topic every year on this occasion. For 2024, the theme is to focus on ensuring safety and health at work in a changing climate, which reveals new data on the impact of climate change on workers’ safety and health.

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Health-tech firm ZS unveils data science’s role in personalised treatments and streamlined trials

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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In today’s healthcare arena, data science is the guiding light, paving the way for personalised treatments and streamlined clinical trials. In a conversation with CNBC-TV18, Manish Menon, office managing principal for health-tech firm ZS, unveils the profound impact of data analytics, offering insights into its transformative role in patient care.

“Data science helps enable the early identification of individuals at high risk for specific conditions such as cancer or heart disease by sifting through data sources like Electronic Medical Records (EMR), Electronic Health Records (EHR), Electronic Patient Records (EPR), transactional and biometric data, genetic information, etc. and analysing it for diagnoses, biomarker discovery and disease subtyping,” Menon said.

Elaborating on the process, Menon outlined key steps, including defining the right data strategy, data management, hypothesis creation, and constant learning from additional datasets. These steps, he highlighted, are essential for harnessing the full potential of data science in healthcare.

Discussing the unravelling of genetic variability and the identification of molecular biomarkers in disease progression, Menon highlighted the integration of genes and the environment.

“We have sophisticated AI/ML models centred on disease ontologies and patient journeys to predict critical events such as metastasis in oncology patients, forecast treatment line progression, and anticipate specific debilitating milestones within disease journeys,” he added.

On the subject of streamlining clinical trials through data analytics, Menon mentioned the significant challenges faced in patient enrollment and operational inefficiencies. He discussed how AI and analytics hold promise in optimising trial processes, citing examples such as GenAI’s accelerated delivery efficiency in identifying potential treatments.

Menon also detailed ZS’s contributions to supporting clinical research and optimising trials through acquisitions like Trials.ai and Intelligencia.ai.

Furthermore, Menon shed light on ZS’s AI-powered solutions that effectively understand patient needs and enhance engagement. He mentioned GenAI and Max.AI as groundbreaking innovations, alongside ZAIDYN, an intelligent platform streamlining sales performance management.

Looking towards the future, Menon anticipated breakthroughs in AI, ML, and analytics. He emphasised GenAI’s potential to enhance patient engagement and treatment adherence, along with advancements in natural language processing (NLP) and multimodality. Additionally, he highlighted the role of AI in cybersecurity, underscoring its ability to predict and respond to cyber threats swiftly.

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Mission Swachhta Aur Paani: Celebrating India’s female sanitation workers

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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Mission Swachhta Aur Paani’s Women at Work initiative celebrates India’s female sanitation workers, the unsung heroes who play a vital role in maintaining our nation’s cleanliness and health.

Their stories of strength, empowerment and commitment shine a light on their crucial role in society. Adding a musical tribute, multiple Grammy award winner Ricky Kej crafted a new Swachhta anthem amplifying the message of proper sanitation and honoring these dedicated workers.

Health, education, economy and the planet, all take a hit without proper sanitation. In 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi initiated the world’s biggest sanitation campaign ensuring access to clean facilities for everyone. Joining this monumental effort, Harpic and Network18 launched Mission Paani in 2019 with a clear goal to better water use and sanitation all over India.

Aligned with the Swachh Bharat Mission and the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals, the campaign is dedicated to inculcate toilet appropriate behavior and fostering actions that ensured inclusivity and leaving no one behind.

In 2023, Mission Swachhta Aur Paani Season 3 unveiled a curriculum designed by Sesame Street based on the sanitation, hygiene, education framework.

The historic moment unfolded as the curriculum was presented to the honorable President of India Droupadi Murmu. The initiative has achieved remarkable reach in Odisha impacting over 1.6 million students across 17,450 schools and enhancing the scales of 21,900 teachers in 10 districts.

The curriculum aims to drive behavioural change and cultivate toilet appropriate behavior in young children. Thereby instilling in them the importance of sanitation for good health.

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Apollo Hospitals says merger with Keimed will make it an integrated healthcare company

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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Apollo Hospitals on Saturday, April 27 said the merger of its online pharmacy arm Apollo 24/7 with pharma distributor Keimed will help in a unified pharmacy business and will allow for sustained improvement in margin.

On Friday, April 26, it was reported that Advent International is planning to inject ₹2,475 crore into Apollo Hospitals’ subsidiary, Apollo HealthCo. This investment, amounting to nearly $297 million, marks a strategic manoeuvre by Advent, enabling a merger between Apollo HealthCo’s online pharmacy arm, Apollo 24/7, and pharmaceutical distributor Keimed.

The company said the merger will make Apollo Hospitals an integrated healthcare company and it will also focus on its digital business breaking even in the next six to eight quarters.

The company said Apollo HealthCo will serve 6,000 Apollo Pharmaceis and it will also capture the distribution of around65,000 pharmacies that Keimed distributes to.

The company said it needs CCI and shareholder approval due to Advent and it does not foresee any challenges regarding the same. It added that it was eyeing margin of 7-8% in the 2026-27 financial year.

Apollo Hospitals said 19 entities own Keimed and it has been buying them over a period of time. It said Advent International’s investment of nearly $300 million will suffice the company for the next five years. It added that the cash flow from the company will suffice for its further growth.

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Patanjali’s lies force India to look at other Ayurvedic drug makers

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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Advertisements claiming ‘100% safe’, ‘guaranteed treatment’, or ‘permanent cure’ from ayurvedic, homoeopathic or other traditional drugmakers are now under the scanner. The Ayush ministry has issued a warning to all Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, and Homoeopathic manufacturers to strictly comply with labelling and advertising regulations, failing which they could face legal action.

This comes in the wake of the controversy involving Patanjali’s misleading advertisements, which prompted the Supreme Court to demand a public apology. The ministry has provided a clarification, which was accessed by News18, regarding products that make unsubstantiated claims or display false information, such as featuring a ‘green logo’ claiming to be ‘100% vegetarian’ or falsely stating that the drug is “approved or certified by the ministry”.

Giving details about all laws and rules that cover misleading advertisements in the country, the ministry has asked manufacturers to ‘strictly adhere’ to labelling provisions and advertisements of Ayurvedic, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy drugs.

“Any misleading claim or advertisement in any form or on any platform will attract consequent legal actions by the competent authorities,” the advisory said.

The ministry has ordered state drug licensing officials to examine all such drugs claiming to be ‘certified or approved by Ministry of Ayush’, either on the label or in the advertisements, and ensure compliance. “It has come to the notice of the Ministry of Ayush that some Ayush drug manufacturers are mentioning ‘certified or approved by Ministry of Ayush’ on the label of their drug or product or in the advertisement in print, electronic media,” it said.

While the ministry clarified that it has no role in granting manufacturing licences or approvals to any Ayush drug or product, it cautioned that going forward, any such claim on the label or advertisement will attract “consequent legal action against the alleged manufacturer by the Ministry of Ayush”.

Action against fake claims

The advisory said products claiming to be ‘100% safe’, ‘free from side effects’, ‘guaranteed treatment’, or ‘permanent cure’ or having nutraceutical value to Ayush drugs or products are incorrect. It added that licensing by the state drug licensing authority “shouldn’t be construed as an approval by the Ministry of Ayush”.

It further said the licence issued by a state authority is only permission to manufacture or sell a particular drug or product based on the fulfilment of conditions under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940.

The advisory has been marked to multiple authorities, including all state Ayush drug licensing authorities, with a request to forward a copy of it to all the licencees under their jurisdiction. It is also marked to all Ayush drug manufacturers and their associations.

It has also been sent to the National Pharmacovigilance Coordination Centre which monitors and designs drug safety profiles, including the release of alerts, in case any drug is reporting new side effects. The centre has been asked “to ensure reporting of such claims of approval or certification by Ministry of Ayush to concerned State Licensing Authority, under intimation to this Ministry of Ayush”.

List of laws to penalise manufacturers

The other half of the advisory mentions several laws that have provisions for the labelling of Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani (ASU) drugs. “Further, rule 106A of the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945, has provisions for labelling of Homoeopathic medicine,” it said. It also highlighted that the provisions related to the advertisement, including for Ayush drugs, are prescribed under the Drugs and Magic Remedies (objectionable advertisements) Act, 1954.

“Besides these, the Consumer Protection Act, 2019; the Cable Television Networks Act, 1995; the Emblems & Names (prevention of improper use) Act, 1950 are a few acts or regulations that have provisions to control misleading advertisements,” it said.

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Horlicks drops ‘health’ label, changes to ‘functional nutritional drink’; know the difference

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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Hindustan Unilever (HUL), the owner of Horlicks and Boost, has rebranded its ‘health food drinks’ category to ‘functional nutritional drinks’ (FND), following the recent regulatory changes in the health drinks category.

This comes after the Ministry of Commerce and Industry ordered all e-commerce platforms to remove drinks and beverages from the ‘healthy drinks’ category.

“NCPCR, a statutory body constituted under section (3) of the Commission for Protection of Child Rights (CPCR) Act, 2005 after its inquiry under Section 14 of CPCR Act, 2005, concluded that there is no Health Drink defined under FSS Act 2006, Rules and regulations as submitted by FSSAl and Mondelez India Food Pvt Ltd,” read the notification issued by the ministry on April 10.

Further, it stated that “all e-commerce companies/portals are hereby advised to remove drink/beverages, including Bournvita from the category of ‘health drinks’ from their sites/platforms.”

On April 24, Ritesh Tiwari, the chief financial officer of Hindustan Unilever, said, “We have changed the labels of the category to FND which is a much better way to call it.”

Tiwari noted the FND category is under-penetrated, so there is a big opportunity for growth in the same. He added that the company would focus on increasing customers and usage and giving more benefits to them to upgrade in the FND category.

Difference between health drinks and functional nutritional drinks

For years in India, malt-based beverages have been popularly referred to as health drinks. These products enhance the taste of milk, besides offering some nutritional benefits.

On April 2, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) asked e-commerce Food Business Operators (FBOs) to ensure appropriate categorisation of the food products which are sold on their respective websites. The move came after it noted instances of dairy-based beverage mixes, cereal-based beverage mixes or malt-based beverages, which are licensed under ‘Proprietary Food’, being sold on e-commerce websites under categories like ‘Health Drink’, ‘Energy Drink’ and others.

It clarified that the term ‘Health Drink’ is not defined or standardised anywhere under the FSS Act 2006 or in the rules/regulations made thereunder.

According to FSSAI, the term ‘Energy’ drinks is permitted to be used only for products that are licensed under Food Category System (FCS) 14.1.4.1 and 14.1.4.2 (Carbonated and Non-carbonated water-based flavoured drinks), standardised under sub-regulation 2.10.6 (2) of Food Product Standards and Food Additives Regulations 2011 (Caffeinated Beverage).

Proprietary Foods are food items not standardised under various FSSAI regulations but use standardised ingredients.

The reason behind the decision was to “enhance clarity and transparency regarding the nature and functional properties of the products,” the statement said.

FSSAI wants to ensure that consumers can make well-informed choices while buying a product without encountering misleading information.

This comes amid ongoing debates regarding the sugar levels in popular malt-based beverages being sold in the country.

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World Malaria Day 2024: Causes, symptoms, precautions and more

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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World Malaria Day is celebrated every year on April 25 to raise awareness about the control and prevention of this disease. On World Malaria Day 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) will be addressing obstacles to health equity, gender equality, and human rights in malaria responses globally, along with practical steps to overcome them, alongside the RBM Partnership to End Malaria and other partners.

According to WHO, World Malaria Day aims to highlight the need for continued investment and sustained political commitment to its prevention and control. It was instituted by WHO Member States during the World Health Assembly of 2007.

The WHO reports that although there has been progress in decreasing malaria cases, far too many individuals remain at high risk of contracting the illness. The most vulnerable groups continue to be disproportionately impacted including pregnant women, newborns, children under five, refugees, migrants, internally displaced persons, and Indigenous Peoples.

As per the reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), malaria kill over 600,000 people around the world in 2021, mostly young children.

According to the reports from WMR 2019, 3% of the world’s malaria cases are in India. Despite being the highest malaria burden country of the SEA region, India showed a reduction in reported malaria cases of 49% and deaths of 50.5% compared with 2017. India has made remarkable progress during recent years in reducing malaria and has a vision of a malaria-free country by 2027 and elimination by 2030.

Theme

The theme for this year is “Accelerate the fight against malaria for a more equitable world.” The day highlights the efforts to end the disease from the root and to educate people to prevent its spread.

Causes of Malaria

The deadly mosquito-borne disease is caused by the Plasmodium parasites that spread through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The five parasitic species, P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi are responsible for the disease. The first are specific for humans while the last one P. knowlesi spreads the illness in macaques and monkeys.

Symptoms and Transmission

The common symptoms that usually begin within 10-15 days after the bite and include fever, headache and chills but the people from the endemic areas, may not experience any symptoms because of their immunity.

Only mosquito bites from infected mosquitoes can transmit malaria which is not communicable and cannot pass from one person to another. The female mosquitoes Anopheles come in more than 400 species, of which about 40 are considered vector species and are capable of spreading the disease.

Prevention and Treatment

Malaria can be prevented with proven tools and methods like bed nets, insecticide spraying, staying indoors, keeping your surroundings clean and many more ways. Early diagnosis and complete treatment of malaria prevent its transmission.

According to WHO, World Malaria Day aims to reduce the impact of malaria in the following ways:

Ending discrimination and stigma.

Engaging communities in health decision-making.

Bringing health care close to where people live and work through primary health care.

Addressing factors that increase malaria risk.

Including malaria control interventions in universal health coverage.

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Is packaged food safe? Experts weigh in

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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Concerns about the safety of packaged foods have escalated following a report on added sugar in infant food..

The matter has spurred increased consumer awareness and online activism about unhealthy ingredients in products labeled as healthy, including Bournvita and Horlicks.

Even Indian spices are facing scrutiny from regulators in countries like Hong Kong and Singapore.

According to Shashank Mehta, Founder and CEO of Whole Truth Foods, the use of chemicals and preservatives in food is largely driven by cost considerations and the need for wide distribution.

“As India is a very large complex and a very price-conscious market, one needs a shelf life of 15-20 months with a price of ₹10. Achieving that with real food is tough and chemicals become the answer to doing that, to reducing price – you don’t want to put real blueberries, put blueberry flavour in your food,” he said.

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Ashwin Bhadri, Founder of Equinox Labs says the challenge is some chemicals like Ethylene Oxide (ETO) are used for the sterilisation of spices. “Until there is no ban on it, it is going to continue to be used because it is very cost-effective. The problem with ETO is that it is not treated properly and remnants of it can stay in the product,” he said.

However, he says, the brand cannot be blamed since ETO is done by a third party before getting supplied to a different country. “So in this case, a lot of weightage would fall back on the third party but it also falls on the regulators,” Bhadri added.

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The penalties for this have to be a little harsher, he notes.

Suhasini Sampath, Founder of YogaBar thinks where things need to be tighter is how a company advertises its product. “Is there a sort of censor board to what companies can tell consumers?” she said.

She believes the regulations need to be tighter on three things, first is what is being advertised, second is what are companies defining as health norms and what people can term as health and third is what are the things that one will keep out of a label.

“If we have a stronger framework around these three things, we will see consumers benefit in the long-term,” she stated.

Dr Niti Krishna Raizada, Senior Director of Medical Oncology at Fortis Group of Hospitals stated, “Historically we have proven that chemicals are linked to cancer, starting from alcohol and tobacco, which we all have been talking for almost five decades that this can cause cancer. Yes, there has been an increase, but we cannot actually quantify the increase because of these chemical exposures. But overall, the number of cancers has increased and we know that cancer is a lifestyle disease- acquiring more westernised lifestyle, having more processed food has increased the rate of cancer.”

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Thursday’s filing dispelled some doubts, though Musk still has work to do. He and his advisers will spend the coming days vetting potential investors for the equity portion of his offer, according to people familiar with the matter

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Remnants of bird flu virus found in pasteurised milk, FDA says

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration said Tuesday that samples of pasteurised milk had tested positive for remnants of the bird flu virus that has infected dairy cows.

The agency stressed that the material is inactivated and that the findings “do not represent actual virus that may be a risk to consumers.” Officials added that they’re continuing to study the issue.

“To date, we have seen nothing that would change our assessment that the commercial milk supply is safe,” the FDA said in a statement.

The announcement comes nearly a month after an avian influenza virus that has sickened millions of wild and commercial birds in recent years was detected in dairy cows in at least eight states. The Agriculture Department says 33 herds have been affected to date.

FDA officials didn’t indicate how many samples they tested or where they were obtained. The agency has been evaluating milk during processing and from grocery stores, officials said. Results of additional tests are expected in “the next few days to weeks.”

The PCR lab test the FDA used would have detected viral genetic material even after live virus was killed by pasteurisation, or heat treatment, said Lee-Ann Jaykus, an emeritus food microbiologist and virologist at North Carolina State University

“There is no evidence to date that this is infectious virus and the FDA is following up on that,” Jaykus said.

Officials with the FDA and the USDA had previously said milk from affected cattle did not enter the commercial supply. Milk from sick animals is supposed to be diverted and destroyed. Federal regulations require milk that enters interstate commerce to be pasteurised.

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Because the detection of the bird flu virus known as Type A H5N1 in dairy cattle is new and the situation is evolving, no studies on the effects of pasteurisation on the virus have been completed, FDA officials said. But past research shows that pasteurisation is “very likely” to inactivate heat-sensitive viruses like H5N1, the agency added.

Matt Herrick, a spokesman for the International Dairy Foods Association, said that time and temperature regulations for pasteurisation ensure that the commercial U.S. milk supply is safe. Remnants of the virus “have zero impact on human health,” he wrote in an email.

Scientists confirmed the H5N1 virus in dairy cows in March after weeks of reports that cows in Texas were suffering from a mysterious malady. The cows were lethargic and saw a dramatic reduction in milk production. Although the H5N1 virus is lethal to commercial poultry, most infected cattle seem to recover within two weeks, experts said.

To date, two people in U.S. have been infected with bird flu. A Texas dairy worker who was in close contact with an infected cow recently developed a mild eye infection and has recovered. In 2022, a prison inmate in a work program caught it while killing infected birds at a Colorado poultry farm. His only symptom was fatigue, and he recovered.

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Zydus Life falls nearly 4% after its Jarod manufacturing site gets 10 observations from USFDA

KV Prasad Jun 13, 2022, 06:35 AM IST (Published)

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Zydus Life shares declined on Wednesday, April 24, after the company said its injectable manufacturing site in Jarod, near Vadodara in Gujarat, received 10 observations from the USFDA.

The USFDA had conducted the inspection of the facility from April 15 to April 23 and concluded it with 10 observations. “The company will closely work with the USFDA to address and respond to the observations in an expeditious manner,” it stated in a stock exchange filing.

On another note, earlier this week, the pharma company said it had launched a tablet for the treatment of overactive bladder — Mirabegron Extended-Release tablets, 25 mg — in the US market.

“Mirabegron is indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency and urinary frequency,” the company said in a stock exchange filing.

The tablet will be manufactured at the company’s formulation manufacturing facility in Ahmedabad SEZ in India.

The stock was down 3.72% at ₹923.8 apiece at 10 am on Aoril 24.

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Thursday’s filing dispelled some doubts, though Musk still has work to do. He and his advisers will spend the coming days vetting potential investors for the equity portion of his offer, according to people familiar with the matter

KV Prasad Journo follow politics, process in Parliament and US Congress. Former Congressional APSA-Fulbright Fellow